Endoscopic Evaluation and Helicobacter Pylori Prevalence in Dyspeptic Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Ozgur Ecemiş, Muge Ustaoglu, Hasan Eruzun, Tulay Bakir and Ahmet Bektaş
Abstract: Objective: Dyspepsia is a common symptom in chronic kidney disease (CKD) as well as in the normal population and may develop due to functional or organic causes. In the literature, there are different results about dyspepsia symptoms, upper gastrointestinal tract lesions and Hp prevalence in CKD. In this study, endoscopic findings and the prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori (Hp) in dyspeptic chronic kidney patients were investigated and compared with the normal population.
Materials and Methods: 67 patients with dyspeptic CKD (52 hemodialysis, 6 continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, 9 predialysis) and 63 age and gender-matched control groups were included in our study. Gastrointestinal symptom scoring, upper endoscopic examination, histopathological examination of gastric antrum and corpus biopsies taken during this period, and rapid urease test (RUT) for Hp were performed on all cases included in the study.
Results: Gastrointestinal symptom scores were not different between the CKD and control groups (6.2±2.5 vs 7.7±3.6) (p>0.05). Although the prevalence of Hp in the CKD group (44.8%) was lower than the control group (54%) according to gastric biopsy findings, there was no difference between them (p>0.05). In the endoscopic examination, duodenal ulcer was more common in the control group and duodenitis in the CKD group, and the difference between them was significant (p<0.05). When compared with histopathological evaluation, the sensitivity (78% vs. 79%) and specificity (95% vs. 93%) of the urease test were similar in the CKD and control groups in both groups.
Conclusion: Gastrointestinal symptom score and Hp prevalence in chronic kidney disease were similar to the control group. No correlation was found between Hp and gastrointestinal symptom score. In the endoscopic examination, duodenal ulcer was more common in the control group and duodenitis was more common in the CKD group.
Received: February 02, 2023
Revised: April 03, 2023
Accepted: April 03, 2023
doi.org/10.21089/njhs.74.0144
Osteoporosis Knowledge, Attitude and Practice among Doctor Of Physical Therapy Students
Shamsa Abdul Rehman, Kanwal Lalwani and Rabbiah Mughal
Abstract: Background: Osteoporosis is a metabolic disease which is common globally. It is defined as decrease in bone mass and bone tissue destruction that causes decrease in bone strength and increase the chances of fractures. Over 200 million people are suffering from osteoporosis worldly and the number of individuals will increase greatly in coming decades due to aging and sedentary lifestyle. Knowledge combined with strategic planning related to preventive measures decrease its occurrence.
Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice of osteoporosis in students of physical therapy.
Materials and Methods: A Questionnaire-Based survey was conducted at Department of Physiotherapy, Isra University Hyderabad in April 2021 to December. 2021. The study approval was given by Ethical Committee of Isra Institute of Rehabilitation Sciences, Isra University Hyderabad. 200 students from 3rd to final year were asked to complete the questionnaire. The knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of osteoporosis questionnaire consisted of 20 close ended questions.
Results: A total of 200 were selected out of which 182 participants completely filled and returned the questionnaire. The mean age of participants was 22.31±1.86 years. Male participants were 34 (18.7%) and female participants were 148 (81.35%) in this study. High knowledge regarding osteoporosis was found among students with percentage of 99.45%. The participants showed positive attitude related to osteoporosis with percentage of 60.9%. These students also had positive impression towards management practices for osteoporosis with the percentage of 70.33%.
Conclusion: This study concluded that the participants have better knowledge regarding osteoporosis. Further proper health education programs must be held in university to encourage them to adopt healthy practices about osteoporosis in daily life.
Received: September 02, 2022
Revised: December 03, 2022
Accepted: December 07, 2022
doi.org/10.21089/njhs.74.0151
Magnitude of Hydrocephalus in Neonates: Its Surgical Management and Complicatinos
Muhammad Kashif Bashir, Aisha Ishtiaq and Shazia Bashir
Abstract: Background: To determine magnitude of congenital or acquired hydrocephalus and its possible management and complications.
Materials and Methods: This Hospital based Retrospective observational study was conducted in department of pediatric surgery King Edward medical university / Mayo hospital Lahore from January 2021 to March 2022. All patients presented from neonatal life till 3 months of age with hydrocephalus due to congenital or acquired reasons were included in this study. There were 55 male and 28 female patients with male predominance. A detailed Proforma was made giving patients information, associated congenital or acquired anomaly and surgical management of hydrocephalus. All patients were operated on elective operation theatre list. Post-operative complications were noticed on admission files and addressed.
Results: During the study period, 83(n=1) patients with hydrocephalus were admitted in department of pediatric surgery Mayo hospital Lahore. Among these patients, 56(67.5%) patients have hydrocephalus associated with myelomeningocele while 10(12%) patients with encephalocele. 11(13.3%) patients showed hydrocephalus due to post tuberculosis meningitis while 3(3.6%) patients with Arnold chiari 2 malformation. 1(1.2%) patients presented with hydrocephalus due to Congenital obstruction of cerebral aqueduct while 2(2.4%) with Intracranial hemorrhage ventriculoperitoneal shunting was performed in 55(66.3%) patients to treat hydrocephalus. Conservative management of hydrocephalus was done in 24(28.9%) patients while in 4(4.8%) patients ventricular taping was done. Wound infection was major post-operative complication and was noted in in 13 (15.7%) patients.
Conclusion: Ventriculo peritoneal shunting is main treatment modality for obstructed hydrocephalus. Major complication of ventriculo pertoneal shunting is infection which can be prevented by proper prophylactic antibiotics as well as sterile environment of operation theatre.
Received: September 10, 2022
Revised: December 05, 2022
Accepted: December 08, 2022
doi.org/10.21089/njhs.74.0156
Assessing Resilience in Healthcare Setups of Karachi using Connor Davidson Resilience Scale
Moinuddin, Hassan Raza, Nadia Shah, Nazia Nazir and Noman Ali
Abstract: Background: Healthcare sector of Pakistan is complex and changing rapidly. This complex and transforming phase create more hurdles for employees especially for healthcare managers. During this transition phase, healthcare managers are burdened with more ncertainties and adversities. Managing under these circumstances is not an easy task as this requires frequent adaptations. One of the most important traits that can aid in these adaptations is resilience, which is ignored in healthcare management.
Objectives: The first and main objective of the study is to assess the extent to which the healthcare managers are resilient. Secondly, to compare the resilience of public and private sector healthcare managers. At last, to assess the impact of gender, income and other demographic variables like age, socioeconomic status, marital status, education, designation, and work experience etc.
Materials and Methods: It was a cross sectional study conducted at 13 different leading healthcare institutes of Karachi. These hospitals and healthcare services were divided broadly according to public and private sector categories. Employees were asked to complete structured questionnaire, a 25 item Connor Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and demographic characteristics. Data were collected from 438 healthcare managers working at tertiary care hospitals in Karachi.
Results: Health managers at both sectors were found resilient, with mean score of public sector and private sector were 52.55 (SD± 15.05), and 50.74 (SD± 14.15) respectively although the relationship was found insignificant relationship. Income, experience, designation, and worksite variables were significantly associated with resilience while age, gender, working hours, marital & socioeconomic status were insignificant.
Conclusion: In conclusion, the healthcare managers working in both public and private sector were found resilient. There was no significant difference found in resilience of male and female healthcare managers. In addition demographic variables like age, marital status, socioeconomic status, and working hours showed no significant relationship with resilience while designation, income, working experience, and worksite variables showed significant relationship with resilience.
Received: September 16, 2022
Revised: December 13, 2022
Accepted: December 15, 2022
doi.org/10.21089/njhs.74.0160
Correlation of βhCG Levels with Size of Gestational Sac in Patients of Ectopic Pregnancy Presenting to a Tertiary Care Health Facility
Sara Malik, Sobia Nawaz, Masooda Rasheed, Iqra Nadeem, Sajid Ali Shah and Falak Nigar
Abstract:The objective of this study was to determine correlation of β- HCG levels with size of gestational sac in patients of ectopic pregnancy presenting to a tertiary care health facility.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, district headquarter Hospital, Rawalpindi from Jan 2019 to Jan 2020. This study involved 100 pregnant women aged between 20-40 years diagnosed of ectopic pregnancy on transvaginal ultrasound. Serum βhCG level was acquired in all these women while the size of gestational sac was measured on transvaginal ultrasound. Outcome variable was correlation between serum βhCG level and size of gestational sac on transvaginal ultrasound which was noted and compared across various subgroups of patients based on age, gestational age, site of ectopic pregnancy and presence/absence of fetal cardiac activity.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 29.3±6.1 years while the mean gestational age was 5.1±1.1 weeks. Serum βhCG level ranged from 1647 mIU/mL to 18378 mIU/mL with a mean of 7968.4±4523.7 mIU/mL while the size of gestational sac on TVS ranged from 17 mm3 to 45 mm3 with a mean of 36.40±7.86 mm3. There was significantly strong positive correlation between serum βhCG and size of gestational sac on TVS (r=0.659; p- value<0.001).
Conclusion: There was significantly strong positive correlation between serum βhCG and size of gestational sac on TVS (r=0.659; p-value<0.001).
Received: September 07, 2022
Revised: December 12, 2022
Accepted: December 14, 2022
doi.org/10.21089/njhs.74.0169
